Observações (Present Perfect)

1. Na afirmativa, as formas contraídas do auxiliar to have são: I’ve, You’ve, He’s, She’s, It’s, We’ve, You’ve, They’ve. Não confunda as formas das 3^as pessoas do singular que acabam em “s” com as contrações do verbo to be que têm a mesma forma. O contexto dirá qual forma está sendo usada.

2. Na negativa, as formas contraídas são haven’t e hasn’t.

3. As short answers são formadas com o auxiliar have:

-Have you ever been abroad?

-Yes, I have.

-No, I haven’t.

Present Perfect

Tempo verbal composto com o auxiliar to have + past participle (particípio passado) do verbo principal. O particípio passado dos verbos regulares em inglês é formado acrescentando-se –ed, enquanto os verbos irregulares têm uma forma própria:

Like -> liked (verbo regular)

Run -> Run (verbo irregular)

Present Perfect do verbo comer (irregular) em inglês
Positive	Negative	Interrogative
I have eaten	I have not eaten	Have I eaten?
You have eaten	You have not eaten	Have you eaten?
He has eaten	He has not eaten	Has he eaten?
She has eaten	She has not eaten	Has she eaten?
It has eaten	It has not eaten	Has it eaten?
We have eaten	We have not eaten	Have we eaten?
You have eaten	You have not eaten	Have you eaten?
They have eaten	They have not eaten	Have they eaten?